Charles Robert Flynn, Ph.D.

Associate Professor

robb.flynn@vanderbilt.edu
Faculty Appointments
Associate Professor of Surgery
Education
Ph.D., Molecular and Cellular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, ArizonaB.S., Biochemistry, Montana State University, Billings, Montana
Office Address
4303 Medical Center North;
2211 Garland Ave;
8465A Langford Hall
Nashville, TN 37232-2736
Research Description
I am a molecular and cellular biologist focused on understanding the etiology and physiology of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Specifically, my laboratory investigates how altered lipid handling, commensal gut microbiota and lipid peroxides contribute to disease onset and progression. We additionally examine how improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are restored after bariatric surgery. Using human tissue samples obtained before and after bariatric surgery as well as a variety of genetically- and surgically-engineered mouse models I have made significant contributions to the understanding the endocrine effect of bile acids, the pathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the contributing role of reactive lipid peroxides to immune cell activation. We are experienced with and routinely employ an ensemble of technologies including mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS; -omics), next-generation sequencing and stable isotopic tracers to characterize the profiles and fates of bioactive lipids and other metabolites that are phenotype mediating. We are using our new-found knowledge to develop genetically-engineered large animal models of NAFLD, engineer commensal therapeutic bacteria that can confer metabolic benefits, identify new targets of NAFLD using precision-based medicine and apply novel scavengers of reactive lipid peroxides for the treatment of liver disease, Alzheimer’s disease and insulin resistance. Through our basic and translational scientific efforts we intend to better understand the deleterious effects of nutrient overprovision, identify new targets for therapeutic intervention, and improve patient care and quality of life.
Research Keywords
metabolism, obesity, lipidomics, proteomics, bile acids, cell imaging
Publications
Wu WK, Tumen A, Stokes JW, Ukita R, Hozain A, Pinezich M, O'Neill JD, Lee MJ, Reimer JA, Flynn CR, Talackine JR, Cardwell NL, Benson C, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Alexopoulos SP, Bacchetta M. Cross-Circulation for Extracorporeal Liver Support in a Swine Model. ASAIO J. 2022 Apr 4/1/2022; 68(4): 561-70. PMID: 34352819, PII: 00002480-202204000-00017, DOI: 10.1097/MAT.0000000000001543, ISSN: 1538-943X.

Breier NC, Paranjape SY, Scudder S, Mehr SE, Diedrich A, Flynn CR, Okamoto LE, Hartmann B, Gasbjerg LS, Shibao CA. Worsening Postural Tachycardia Syndrome Is Associated With Increased Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Secretion. Hypertension [print-electronic]. 2022 Mar 3/2/2022; HYPERTENSIONAHA12117852. PMID: 35232225, DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.17852, ISSN: 1524-4563.

Shi J, Yang Y, Xu W, Cai H, Wu J, Long J, Cai Q, Zheng W, Flynn CR, Shu XO, Yu D. Sex-Specific Associations between Gut Microbiome and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Urban Chinese Adults. Microorganisms. 2021 Oct 10/8/2021; 9(10): PMID: 34683439, PMCID: PMC8537656, PII: microorganisms9102118, DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102118, ISSN: 2076-2607.

Poland JC, Flynn CR. Bile Acids, Their Receptors, and the Gut Microbiota. Physiology (Bethesda). 2021 Jul 7/1/2021; 36(4): 235-45. PMID: 34159805, PMCID: PMC8526331, DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00028.2020, ISSN: 1548-9221.

Banan B, Wei Y, Simo O, Tso P, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR, Sundaresan S, Albaugh VL. Intestinal Lymph Collection via Cannulation of the Mesenteric Lymphatic Duct in Mice. J Surg Res [print-electronic]. 2021 Apr; 260: 399-408. PMID: 33261855, PMCID: PMC7946809, PII: S0022-4804(20)30740-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.11.004, ISSN: 1095-8673.

DiCarlo GE, Mabry SJ, Cao X, McMillan C, Woynaroski TG, Harrison FE, Reddy IA, Matthies HJG, Flynn CR, Wallace MT, Wu H, Galli A. Autism-Associated Variant in the SLC6A3 Gene Alters the Oral Microbiome and Metabolism in a Murine Model. Front Psychiatry. 2021; 12: 655451. PMID: 33935841, PMCID: PMC8081952, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.655451, ISSN: 1664-0640.

Zhu L, An J, Chinnarasu S, Luu T, Pettway YD, Fahey K, Litts B, Kim HH, Flynn CR, Linton MF, Stafford JM. Expressing the Human Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Minigene Improves Diet-Induced Fatty Liver and Insulin Resistance in Female Mice. Front Physiol. 2021; 12: 799096. PMID: 35082691, PMCID: PMC8784660, DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.799096, ISSN: 1664-042X.

Yu D, Shu XO, Howard EF, Long J, English WJ, Flynn CR. Fecal metagenomics and metabolomics reveal gut microbial changes after bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis [print-electronic]. 2020 Nov; 16(11): 1772-82. PMID: 32747219, PII: S1550-7289(20)30352-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.06.032, ISSN: 1878-7533.

Sarkar S, Tsuchida Y, Diab R, Xu C, Yermalitsky V, Davies SS, Ikizler TA, Hung AM, Kon V, Flynn CR. Pro-inflammatory HDL in women with obesity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Obes Res Clin Pract [print-electronic]. 2020 Jul; 14(4): 333-8. PMID: 32595023, PMCID: PMC7507596, PII: S1871-403X(19)30542-3, DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.06.002, ISSN: 1871-403X.

Poland JC, Leaptrot KL, Sherrod SD, Flynn CR, McLean JA. Collision Cross Section Conformational Analyses of Bile Acids via Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom [print-electronic]. 2020 Jun 6/29/2020; PMID: 32525305, DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00015, ISSN: 1879-1123.

Aggarwal G, Zarrow JE, Mashhadi Z, Flynn CR, Vinson P, Weaver CD, Davies SS. Symmetrically substituted dichlorophenes inhibit N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D. J Biol Chem [print-electronic]. 2020 May 5/22/2020; 295(21): 7289-300. PMID: 32284327, PMCID: PMC7247316, PII: S0021-9258(17)50263-X, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.013362, ISSN: 1083-351X.

Flynn CR, Albaugh VL, Tamboli RA, Gregory JM, Bosompem A, Sidani RM, Winnick JJ. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery improves hepatic glucose metabolism and reduces plasma kisspeptin levels in morbidly obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol [print-electronic]. 2020 Feb 2/1/2020; 318(2): G370-G374. PMID: 31709832, PMCID: PMC7052573, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00224.2019, ISSN: 1522-1547.

Poland JC, Schrimpe-Rutledge AC, Sherrod SD, Flynn CR, McLean JA. Utilizing Untargeted Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry To Profile Changes in the Gut Metabolome Following Biliary Diversion Surgery. Anal Chem [print-electronic]. 2019 Nov 11/19/2019; 91(22): 14417-23. PMID: 31573190, PMCID: PMC7076733, DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02924, ISSN: 1520-6882.

Smith NK, Hackett TA, Galli A, Flynn CR. GLP-1: Molecular mechanisms and outcomes of a complex signaling system. Neurochem Int [print-electronic]. 2019 Sep; 128: 94-105. PMID: 31002893, PMCID: PMC7081944, PII: S0197-0186(19)30099-3, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.010, ISSN: 1872-9754.

Dosoky NS, Chen Z, Guo Y, McMillan C, Flynn CR, Davies SS. Two-week administration of engineered Escherichia coli establishes persistent resistance to diet-induced obesity even without antibiotic pre-treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol [print-electronic]. 2019 Aug; 103(16): 6711-23. PMID: 31203417, PMCID: PMC7066869, PII: 10.1007/s00253-019-09958-x, DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09958-x, ISSN: 1432-0614.

Syring KE, Cyphert TJ, Beck TC, Flynn CR, Mignemi NA, McGuinness OP. Systemic bile acids induce insulin resistance in a TGR5-independent manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab [print-electronic]. 2019 May 5/1/2019; 316(5): E782-E793. PMID: 30779633, PMCID: PMC6732652, DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00362.2018, ISSN: 1522-1555.

Albaugh VL, Banan B, Antoun J, Xiong Y, Guo Y, Ping J, Alikhan M, Clements BA, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Role of Bile Acids and GLP-1 in Mediating the Metabolic Improvements of Bariatric Surgery. Gastroenterology [print-electronic]. 2019 Mar; 156(4): 1041-1051.e4. PMID: 30445014, PMCID: PMC6409186, PII: S0016-5085(18)35259-4, DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.11.017, ISSN: 1528-0012.

Flynn CR. Treating Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease From the Outside In? [editorial]. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol [print-electronic]. 2019; 7(3): 682-3. PMID: 30677403, PMCID: PMC6477184, PII: S2352-345X(18)30183-8, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.12.008, ISSN: 2352-345X.

Flynn CR, Albaugh VL, Abumrad NN. Metabolic Effects of Bile Acids: Potential Role in Bariatric Surgery. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol [print-electronic]. 2019; 8(2): 235-46. PMID: 31075353, PMCID: PMC6664228, PII: S2352-345X(19)30059-1, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.04.014, ISSN: 2352-345X.

Fuller JC, Pitchford LM, Morrison RD, Daniels JS, Flynn CR, Abumrad NN, Oates JA, Boutaud O, Rathmacher JA. In vitro safety pharmacology evaluation of 2-hydroxybenzylamine acetate. Food Chem Toxicol [print-electronic]. 2018 Nov; 121: 541-8. PMID: 30253245, PMCID: PMC6220894, PII: S0278-6915(18)30691-4, DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.047, ISSN: 1873-6351.

Samovski D, Dhule P, Pietka T, Jacome-Sosa M, Penrose E, Son NH, Flynn CR, Shoghi KI, Hyrc KL, Goldberg IJ, Gamazon ER, Abumrad NA. Regulation of Insulin Receptor Pathway and Glucose Metabolism by CD36 Signaling. Diabetes [print-electronic]. 2018 Jul; 67(7): 1272-84. PMID: 29748289, PMCID: PMC6014550, PII: db17-1226, DOI: 10.2337/db17-1226, ISSN: 1939-327X.

Reddy IA, Smith NK, Erreger K, Ghose D, Saunders C, Foster DJ, Turner B, Poe A, Albaugh VL, McGuinness O, Hackett TA, Grueter BA, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR, Galli A. Bile diversion, a bariatric surgery, and bile acid signaling reduce central cocaine reward. PLoS Biol. 2018 Jul; 16(7): e2006682. PMID: 30048457, PMCID: PMC6061973, PII: pbio.2006682, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006682, ISSN: 1545-7885.

Shibao CA, Celedonio JE, Tamboli R, Sidani R, Love-Gregory L, Pietka T, Xiong Y, Wei Y, Abumrad NN, Abumrad NA, Flynn CR. CD36 Modulates Fasting and Preabsorptive Hormone and Bile Acid Levels. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2018 May 5/1/2018; 103(5): 1856-66. PMID: 29546316, PII: 4931060, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01982, ISSN: 1945-7197.

Cheung-Flynn J, Song J, Voskresensky I, Wise ES, Liu Y, Xiong Y, Eagle SS, Brophy CM, Flynn CR. Limiting Injury During Saphenous Vein Graft Preparation For Coronary Arterial Bypass Prevents Metabolic Decompensation. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 10/27/2017; 7(1): 14179. PMID: 29079734, PMCID: PMC5660200, PII: 10.1038/s41598-017-13819-w, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13819-w, ISSN: 2045-2322.

Albaugh VL, Banan B, Ajouz H, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Bile acids and bariatric surgery. Mol. Aspects Med [print-electronic]. 2017 Aug; 56: 75-89. PMID: 28390813, PII: S0098-2997(16)30118-2, DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.04.001, ISSN: 1872-9452.

Dikalova AE, Itani HA, Nazarewicz RR, McMaster WG, Flynn CR, Uzhachenko RV, Fessel JP, Gamboa JL, Harrison DG, Dikalov SI. Sirt3 Impairment and SOD2 Hyperacetylation in Vascular Oxidative Stress and Hypertension. Circ. Res [print-electronic]. 2017 Jul 7/6/2017; PMID: 28684630, PII: CIRCRESAHA.117.310933, DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310933, ISSN: 1524-4571.

Wattacheril J, Rose KL, Hill S, Lanciault C, Murray CR, Washington K, Williams B, English W, Spann M, Clements R, Abumrad N, Flynn CR. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease phosphoproteomics: A functional piece of the precision puzzle. Hepatol. Res [print-electronic]. 2017 Mar 3/4/2017; PMID: 28258704, DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12885, ISSN: 1386-6346.

Guo Y, Vickers K, Xiong Y, Zhao S, Sheng Q, Zhang P, Zhou W, Flynn CR. Comprehensive evaluation of extracellular small RNA isolation methods from serum in high throughput sequencing. BMC Genomics. 2017 Jan 1/7/2017; 18(1): 50. PMID: 28061744, PMCID: PMC5219650, PII: 10.1186/s12864-016-3470-z, DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3470-z, ISSN: 1471-2164.

Guo Y, Xiong Y, Sheng Q, Zhao S, Wattacheril J, Flynn CR. A micro-RNA expression signature for human NAFLD progression. J. Gastroenterol [print-electronic]. 2016 Oct; 51(10): 1022-30. PMID: 26874844, PMCID: PMC4983265, PII: 10.1007/s00535-016-1178-0, DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1178-0, ISSN: 1435-5922.

Albaugh VL, Flynn CR, Tamboli RA, Abumrad NN. Recent advances in metabolic and bariatric surgery. F1000Res. 2016 May 5/1/2016; 5: PMID: 27239296, PMCID: PMC4879937, DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7240.1, ISSN: 2046-1402.

Garcia AE, Kasim N, Dunn JP, Tamboli RA, Gonzalez R, Antoun J, Eckert EA, Marks-Shulman PA, Wattacheril J, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Lipoprotein Subfraction Metabolism and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Baseline and Weight-loss Comparison. PLoS One. 2015 Nov 11/1/2015.

Albaugh VL, Flynn CR, Cai S, Xiao Y, Tamboli RA, Abumrad NN. Early Increases in Bile Acids Post Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Are Driven by Insulin-Sensitizing, Secondary Bile Acids. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab [print-electronic]. 2015 Sep; 100(9): E1225-33. PMID: 26196952, PMCID: PMC4570157, DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-2467, ISSN: 1945-7197.

Sharifnia T, Antoun J, Verriere TG, Suarez G, Wattacheril J, Wilson KT, Peek RM, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Hepatic TLR4 signaling in obese NAFLD. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol [print-electronic]. 2015 Aug 8/15/2015; 309(4): G270-8. PMID: 26113297, PMCID: PMC4537925, PII: ajpgi.00304.2014, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00304.2014, ISSN: 1522-1547.

Flynn CR, Albaugh VL, Cai S, Cheung-Flynn J, Williams PE, Brucker RM, Bordenstein SR, Guo Y, Wasserman DH, Abumrad NN. Bile diversion to the distal small intestine has comparable metabolic benefits to bariatric surgery. Nat Commun. 2015 Jul 7/21/2015; 6: 7715. PMID: 26197299, PMCID: PMC4518285, PII: ncomms8715, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8715, ISSN: 2041-1723.

Kim S, Wu S, Baek J, Choi, SY, Su Y, Flynn CR, Gamse JT, Ess KC, Hardiman G, Lipshutz JH, Abumrad NN, Rockey DC. A Post-Developmental Genetic Screen for Zebrafish Models of Inherited Liver Disease. PLoS One. 2015 May 5/2/2015.

Garcia AE, Kasim N, Tamboli RA, Gonzalez RS, Antoun J, Eckert EA, Marks-Shulman PA, Dunn J, Wattacheril J, Wallen T, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Lipoprotein Profiles in Class III Obese Caucasian and African American Women with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10(11): e0142676. PMID: 26599819, PMCID: PMC4657895, PII: PONE-D-15-23263, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142676, ISSN: 1932-6203.

Kim SH, Wu SY, Baek JI, Choi SY, Su Y, Flynn CR, Gamse JT, Ess KC, Hardiman G, Lipschutz JH, Abumrad NN, Rockey DC. A post-developmental genetic screen for zebrafish models of inherited liver disease. PLoS ONE. 2015; 10(5): e0125980. PMID: 25950913, PMCID: PMC4423964, PII: PONE-D-15-01148, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125980, ISSN: 1932-6203.

Vassilopoulos A, Pennington JD, Andresson T, Rees DM, Bosley AD, Fearnley IM, Ham A, Flynn CR, Hill S, Rose KL, Kim HS, Deng CX, Walker JE, Gius D. SIRT3 deacetylates ATP synthase F1 complex proteins in response to nutrient- and exercise-induced stress. Antioxid. Redox Signal [print-electronic]. 2014 Aug 8/1/2014; 21(4): 551-64. PMID: 24252090, PMCID: PMC4085980, DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5420, ISSN: 1557-7716.

Guo Y, Zhao S, Su PF, Li CI, Ye F, Flynn CR, Shyr Y. Statistical strategies for microRNAseq batch effect reduction. Transl Cancer Res. 2014 Jun 6/1/2014; 3(3): 260-5. PMID: 25258704, PMCID: PMC4171948, DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-676X.2014.06.05, ISSN: 2218-676X.

Osgood MJ, Flynn CR, Komalavilas P, Brophy C. Cell-permeant peptide inhibitors of vasospasm and intimal hyperplasia. Vascular [print-electronic]. 2013 Feb; 21(1): 46-53. PMID: 23104826, PMCID: PMC4180429, PII: vasc.2011.201203, DOI: 10.1258/vasc.2011.201203, ISSN: 1708-5381.

Wattacheril, J, Seeley, EH, Angel, P, Chen, H, Bowen, BP, Lanciault, C, Caprioli RM, Abumrad, N, Flynn, CR.. Differential Intrahepatic Phospholipid Zonation in Simple Steatosis and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. 2013.

Breitman, I, Isbell, JM, Saliba, J, Jabbour, K, Flynn, CR, Marks-Shulman, PA, Laferrere, B, Abumrad, NN, Tamboli, RA. Effects of proximal gut bypass on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in humans. 2013.

Flynn C, Zheng S, Yan L, Hedges L, Womack B, Fessel J, Cogan J, Austin E, Loyd J, West J, Zhao Z, Hamid R. Connectivity map analysis of nonsense-mediated decay-positive BMPR2-related hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension provides insights into disease penetrance. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol [print-electronic]. 2012 Jul; 47(1): 20-7. PMID: 22312021, PMCID: PMC3402799, PII: rcmb.2011-0251OC, DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0251OC, ISSN: 1535-4989.

Dunn JP, Abumrad NN, Breitman I, Marks-Shulman PA, Flynn CR, Jabbour K, Feurer ID, Tamboli RA. Hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity and diabetes remission at 1 month after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in patients randomized to omentectomy. Diabetes Care [print-electronic]. 2012 Jan; 35(1): 137-42. PMID: 22040841, PMCID: PMC3241322, PII: dc11-1383, DOI: 10.2337/dc11-1383, ISSN: 1935-5548.

Tamboli RA, Hajri T, Jiang A, Marks-Shulman PA, Williams DB, Clements RH, Melvin W, Bowen BP, Shyr Y, Abumrad NN, Flynn CR. Reduction in inflammatory gene expression in skeletal muscle from Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients randomized to omentectomy. PLoS ONE [print-electronic]. 2011; 6(12): e28577. PMID: 22194858, PMCID: PMC3241684, PII: PONE-D-11-17236, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028577, ISSN: 1932-6203.

Tao R, Coleman MC, Pennington JD, Ozden O, Park SH, Jiang H, Kim HS, Flynn CR, Hill S, Hayes McDonald W, Olivier AK, Spitz DR, Gius D. Sirt3-mediated deacetylation of evolutionarily conserved lysine 122 regulates MnSOD activity in response to stress. Mol. Cell. 2010 Dec 12/22/2010; 40(6): 893-904. PMID: 21172655, PMCID: PMC3266626, PII: S1097-2765(10)00969-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.12.013, ISSN: 1097-4164.

Flynn CR, Cheung-Flynn J, Smoke CC, Lowry D, Roberson R, Sheller MR, Brophy CM. Internalization and intracellular trafficking of a PTD-conjugated anti-fibrotic peptide, AZX100, in human dermal keloid fibroblasts. J Pharm Sci. 2010 Jul; 99(7): 3100-21. PMID: 20140957, DOI: 10.1002/jps.22087, ISSN: 1520-6017.

Hwang H, Bowen BP, Lefort N, Flynn CR, De Filippis EA, Roberts C, Smoke CC, Meyer C, Hojlund K, Yi Z, Mandarino LJ. Proteomics Analysis of Human Skeletal Muscle Reveals Novel Abnormalities in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes. 2010; 59((1)): 33-42.

Flynn CR, Cheung-Flynn J, Smoke CC, Lowry D, Roberson R, Sheller, MR, Brophy CM. The mechanisms of transduction of an anti-fibrotic peptide, AZX100 into human dermal keloid fibroblasts. J Pharm Sci. 2010; 99((7)): 3100-21.

Lopes LB, Furnish EJ, Komalavilas P, Flynn CR, Ashby P, Hansen A, Ly DP, Yang GP, Longaker MT, Panitch A, Brophy CM. Cell permeant peptide analogues of the small heat shock protein, HSP20, reduce TGF-beta1-induced CTGF expression in keloid fibroblasts. J. Invest. Dermatol [print-electronic]. 2009 Mar; 129(3): 590-8. PMID: 18787533, PMCID: PMC2740368, PII: jid2008264, DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.264, ISSN: 1523-1747.

Dreiza CM, Komalavilas P, Furnish EJ, Flynn CR, Sheller MR, Smoke, CC Lopes LB, Brophy CM. The Small Heat Shock Protein 20, HSPB6, in muscle function and disease. Cell Stress and Chaperones. 2009; 15((1)): 1-11.

Lefort N, Yi Z, Bowen B, Glancy B, De Filippis EA, Mapes R, Hwang H, Flynn CR, Willis WT, Civitarese A, Hojlund K, Mandarino LJ. Proteome Profile of Functional Mitochondria From Human Skeletal Muscle Using One-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. J Proteomics. 2009; 72((6)): 1046-60.

Højlund K, Yi Z, Hwang H, Bowen B, Lefort N, Flynn CR, Langlais P, Weintraub ST, Mandarino LJ. Characterization of the human skeletal muscle proteome by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Mol. Cell Proteomics [print-electronic]. 2008 Feb; 7(2): 257-67. PMID: 17911086, PMCID: PMC3836591, PII: M700304-MCP200, DOI: 10.1074/mcp.M700304-MCP200, ISSN: 1535-9484.

Komalavilas P, Penn RB, Flynn CR, Thresher J, Lopes LB, Furnish EJ, Guo M, Pallero MA, Murphy-Ullrich JE, Brophy CM. The small heat shock-related protein, HSP20, is a cAMP-dependent protein kinase substrate that is involved in airway smooth muscle relaxation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol [print-electronic]. 2008 Jan; 294(1): L69-78. PMID: 17993590, PMCID: PMC2757925, PII: 00235.2007, DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00235.2007, ISSN: 1040-0605.

Yi Z, Langlais P, De Filippis EA, Luo M, Flynn CR, Schroeder S, Weintraub ST, Mapes R, Mandarino LJ. Global assessment of regulation of phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 by insulin in vivo in human muscle. Diabetes [print-electronic]. 2007 Jun; 56(6): 1508-16. PMID: 17360977, PII: db06-1355, DOI: 10.2337/db06-1355, ISSN: 1939-327X.

Flynn CR, Smoke CC, Furnish E, Komalavilas P, Thresher J, Yi Z, Mandarino LJ, Brophy CM. Phosphorylation and activation of a transducible recombinant form of human HSP20 in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr. Purif [print-electronic]. 2007 Mar; 52(1): 50-8. PMID: 17084643, PMCID: PMC1839877, PII: S1046-5928(06)00263-4, DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2006.08.015, ISSN: 1046-5928.

Dunn WR, Cordasco FA, Flynn E, Jules K, Gordon M, Liguori G. A prospective randomized comparison of spinal versus local anesthesia with propofol infusion for knee arthroscopy. Arthroscopy. 2006 May; 22(5): 479-83. PMID: 16651155, PII: S0749-8063(05)01805-0, DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2005.12.032, ISSN: 1526-3231.

Mullen RT, McCartney AW, Flynn, CR, Smith GS. Peroxisome Biogenesis and the formation of multivesicular peroxisomes during tombusvirus infection: A role for ESCRT?. Can J Bot. 2006; 8((84)): 551-64.

Boles JA, Kott RW, Hatfield PG, Bergman JW, Flynn CR. Supplemental safflower oil affects the fatty acid profile, including conjugated linoleic acid, of lamb. J. Anim. Sci. 2005 Sep; 83(9): 2175-81. PMID: 16100073, PII: 83/9/2175, ISSN: 1525-3163.

Lopes LB, Brophy CM, Furnish E, Flynn CR, Sparks O, Komalavilas P, Joshi L, Panitch A, Bentley MV. Comparative study of the skin penetration of protein transduction domains and a conjugated peptide. Pharm. Res [print-electronic]. 2005 May; 22(5): 750-7. PMID: 15906170, DOI: 10.1007/s11095-005-2591-x, ISSN: 0724-8741.

Flynn CR, Brophy CM, Furnish EJ, Komalavilas P, Tessier D, Thresher J, Joshi L. Transduction of phosphorylated heat shock-related protein 20, HSP20, prevents vasospasm of human umbilical artery smooth muscle. J. Appl. Physiol. 2005 May; 98(5): 1836-45. PMID: 15829720, PII: 98/5/1836, DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01043.2004, ISSN: 8750-7587.

Flynn CR, Heinze M, Schumann U, Gietl, C. and Trelease, R.N.. AtPex10p, a putative Arabidopsis peroxin homolog, likely functions in subdomain(s) of ER as an early peroxin in peroxisomal biogenesis. Plant Sci. 2005; 168: 635-52.

McLemore EC, Tessier DJ, Flynn CR, Furnish EJ, Komalavilas P, Thresher JS, Joshi L, Stone WM, Fowl RJ, Brophy CM. Transducible recombinant small heat shock-related protein, HSP20, inhibits vasospasm and platelet aggregation. Surgery. 2004 Sep; 136(3): 573-8. PMID: 15349104, PII: S0039606004001965, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2004.04.024, ISSN: 0039-6060.

Puffenberger EG, Hu-Lince D, Parod JM, Craig DW, Dobrin SE, Conway AR, Donarum EA, Strauss KA, Dunckley T, Cardenas JF, Melmed KR, Wright CA, Liang W, Stafford P, Flynn CR, Morton DH, Stephan DA. Mapping of sudden infant death with dysgenesis of the testes syndrome (SIDDT) by a SNP genome scan and identification of TSPYL loss of function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A [print-electronic]. 2004 Aug 8/10/2004; 101(32): 11689-94. PMID: 15273283, PMCID: PMC511011, PII: 0401194101, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0401194101, ISSN: 0027-8424.

Joshi L, Shah MM, Flynn CR, Panitch A. Post-translational Modifications and their roles in plant-produced recombinant therapeutic proteins. In Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop Science. 2004; ((4)): 1-4.

Joshi L, Shah MM, Flynn CR, Panitch A. Plant-Produced Recombinant Therapeutics. In Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop science. 2004; 4: 969-72.

Shah MM, Fujiyama K, Flynn CR, Joshi L. Sialylated endogenous glycoconjugates in plant cells. Nat. Biotechnol [print-electronic]. 2003 Dec; 21(12): 1470-1. PMID: 14608367, PII: nbt912, DOI: 10.1038/nbt912, ISSN: 1087-0156.

Flynn CR, Komalavilas P, Tessier D, Thresher J, Niederkofler EE, Dreiza CM, Nelson RW, Panitch A, Joshi L, Brophy CM. Transduction of biologically active motifs of the small heat shock-related protein HSP20 leads to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. FASEB J [print-electronic]. 2003 Jul; 17(10): 1358-60. PMID: 12738803, PII: 02-1028fje, DOI: 10.1096/fj.02-1028fje, ISSN: 1530-6860.

Mullen RT, Lisenbee CS, Flynn CR, Trelease RN. Stable and transient expression of chimeric peroxisomal membrane proteins induces an independent "zippering" of peroxisomes and an endoplasmic reticulum subdomain. Planta. 2001 Oct; 213(6): 849-63. PMID: 11722121, ISSN: 0032-0935.

Mullen RT, Flynn CR, Trelease RN. How are peroxisomes formed? The role of the endoplasmic reticulum and peroxins. Trends Plant Sci. 2001 Jun; 6(6): 256-61. PMID: 11378467, PII: S1360-1385(01)01951-3, ISSN: 1360-1385.

Flynn CR, Mullen RT, Trelease RN. Mutational analyses of a type 2 peroxisomal targeting signal that is capable of directing oligomeric protein import into tobacco BY-2 glyoxysomes. Plant J. 1998 Dec; 16(6): 709-20. PMID: 10069077, ISSN: 0960-7412.

Mullen RT, Lee MS, Flynn CR, Trelease RN. Diverse amino acid residues function within the type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal. Implications for the role of accessory residues upstream of the type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal. Plant Physiol. 1997 Nov; 115(3): 881-9. PMID: 9390426, PMCID: PMC158551, PII: 115/3/881, ISSN: 0032-0889.