Faculty Appointments
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Associate Professor of Health Policy
Education
M.S., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganM.D., Florida State University, Tallahassee, FloridaM.P.H., Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MassachusettsB.S., University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Research Description
Stephen W. Patrick, MD, MPH, MS, is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Health Policy at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and an attending neonatologist at Monroe Carell Jr. Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt. He is a graduate of the University of Florida, Florida State University College of Medicine and Harvard School of Public Health. Dr. Patrick completed his training in pediatrics, neonatology and health services research as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholar at the University of Michigan.
Dr. Patrick joined the faculty of Vanderbilt University in 2013. His National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded research focuses on improving outcomes for opioid-exposed infants and women with substance-use disorder and evaluating state and federal drug control policies. He previously served as Senior Science Policy Advisor to the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and has testified before Congress on the rising numbers of newborns being diagnosed with opioid withdrawal after birth. He served as an expert consultant for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s development of a Guide to the Management of Opioid-Dependent Pregnant and Parenting Women and Their Children, as a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Substance Use and Prevention and as a board member on the US Office of Personnel Management’s Multi-State Plan Program Advisory Board. Dr. Patrick’s awards include the American Medical Association Foundation Excellence in Medicine Leadership Award, the Academic Pediatric Association Fellow Research Award and Tennessee Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics Early Career Physician of the Year. His research has been published in leading scientific journals including the New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA, Pediatrics and Health Affairs.
Dr. Patrick joined the faculty of Vanderbilt University in 2013. His National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded research focuses on improving outcomes for opioid-exposed infants and women with substance-use disorder and evaluating state and federal drug control policies. He previously served as Senior Science Policy Advisor to the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and has testified before Congress on the rising numbers of newborns being diagnosed with opioid withdrawal after birth. He served as an expert consultant for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s development of a Guide to the Management of Opioid-Dependent Pregnant and Parenting Women and Their Children, as a member of the American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Substance Use and Prevention and as a board member on the US Office of Personnel Management’s Multi-State Plan Program Advisory Board. Dr. Patrick’s awards include the American Medical Association Foundation Excellence in Medicine Leadership Award, the Academic Pediatric Association Fellow Research Award and Tennessee Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics Early Career Physician of the Year. His research has been published in leading scientific journals including the New England Journal of Medicine, JAMA, Pediatrics and Health Affairs.
Publications
Pryor JR, Maalouf FI, Krans EE, Schumacher RE, Cooper WO, Patrick SW. The opioid epidemic and neonatal abstinence syndrome in the USA: a review of the continuum of care. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed [print-electronic]. 2017 Mar; 102(2): F183-F187. PMID: 28073819, PII: archdischild-2015-310045, DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-310045, ISSN: 1468-2052.
Villapiano NL, Winkelman TN, Kozhimannil KB, Davis MM, Patrick SW. Rural and Urban Differences in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Maternal Opioid Use, 2004 to 2013. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Feb 2/1/2017; 171(2): 194-6. PMID: 27942711, PII: 2592302, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3750, ISSN: 2168-6211.
Patrick SW, Fry CE, Jones TF, Buntin MB. Implementation Of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Associated With Reductions In Opioid-Related Death Rates. Health Aff (Millwood) [print-electronic]. 2016 Jul 7/1/2016; 35(7): 1324-32. PMID: 27335101, PMCID: PMC5155336, PII: hlthaff.2015.1496, DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1496, ISSN: 1544-5208.
Krans EE, Patrick SW. Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: Health Policy and Practice in the Midst of an Epidemic. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Jul; 128(1): 4-10. PMID: 27275812, PMCID: PMC4917415, DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001446, ISSN: 1873-233X.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Horbar JD, Buus-Frank ME, Edwards EM, Morrow KA, Ferrelli KR, Picarillo AP, Gupta M, Soll RF. Improving Care for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2016 May; 137(5): PMID: 27244809, PMCID: PMC4845877, PII: peds.2015-3835, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-3835, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Warner KE, Pordes E, Davis MM. Cigarette Tax Increase and Infant Mortality. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2016 Jan; 137(1): PMID: 26628730, PMCID: PMC4702024, PII: peds.2015-2901, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2901, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW. The Triple Aim for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome [editorial]. J. Pediatr [print-electronic]. 2015 Dec; 167(6): 1189-91. PMID: 26454574, PMCID: PMC5161030, PII: S0022-3476(15)01060-4, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.047, ISSN: 1097-6833.
Patrick SW, Burke JF, Biel TJ, Auger KA, Goyal NK, Cooper WO. Risk of Hospital Readmission Among Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Hosp Pediatr. 2015 Oct; 5(10): 513-9. PMID: 26427919, PMCID: PMC5110214, PII: 5/10/513, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2015-0024, ISSN: 2154-1663.
Patrick SW, Cooper WO. Promise and peril: Dissemination of findings from studies of drugs used in pregnancy and their association with birth defects. Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol [print-electronic]. 2015 Aug; 103(8): 729-32. PMID: 26153150, PMCID: PMC4537659, DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23409, ISSN: 1542-0760.
Patrick SW, Davis MM, Lehmann CU, Cooper WO. Increasing incidence and geographic distribution of neonatal abstinence syndrome: United States 2009 to 2012. J Perinatol [print-electronic]. 2015 Aug; 35(8): 650-5. PMID: 25927272, PMCID: PMC4520760, PII: jp201536, DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.36, ISSN: 1476-5543.
Tolia VN, Patrick SW, Bennett MM, Murthy K, Sousa J, Smith PB, Clark RH, Spitzer AR. Increasing incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome in U.S. neonatal ICUs. N. Engl. J. Med [print-electronic]. 2015 May 5/28/2015; 372(22): 2118-26. PMID: 25913111, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa1500439, ISSN: 1533-4406.
Patrick SW, Dudley J, Martin PR, Harrell FE, Warren MD, Hartmann KE, Ely EW, Grijalva CG, Cooper WO. Prescription opioid epidemic and infant outcomes. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2015 May; 135(5): 842-50. PMID: 25869370, PMCID: PMC4411781, PII: peds.2014-3299, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3299, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Kaplan HC, Passarella M, Davis MM, Lorch SA. Variation in treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome in US children's hospitals, 2004-2011. J Perinatol [print-electronic]. 2014 Nov; 34(11): 867-72. PMID: 24921412, PII: jp2014114, DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.114, ISSN: 1476-5543.
Patrick SW, Kawai AT, Kleinman K, Jin R, Vaz L, Gay C, Kassler W, Goldmann D, Lee GM. Health care-associated infections among critically ill children in the US, 2007-2012. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2014 Oct; 134(4): 705-12. PMID: 25201802, PII: peds.2014-0613, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-0613, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Sun GH, Auger KA, Aliu O, Patrick SW, DeMonner S, Davis MM. Variation in inpatient tonsillectomy costs within and between US hospitals attributable to postoperative complications. Med Care. 2013 Dec; 51(12): 1048-54. PMID: 23969585, DOI: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a50325, ISSN: 1537-1948.
Auger KA, Patrick SW, Davis MM. Infant hospitalizations for pertussis before and after Tdap recommendations for adolescents. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2013 Nov; 132(5): e1149-55. PMID: 24144713, PII: peds.2013-1747, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-1747, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Harris JM, Gay JC, Neff JM, Patrick SW, Sedman A. Comparison of Administrative Data Versus Infection Control Data in Identifying Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Children's Hospitals. Hosp Pediatr. 2013 Oct; 3(4): 307-13. PMID: 24435186, PII: 3/4/307, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2013-0048, ISSN: 2154-1663.
Haggins A, Patrick S, Demonner S, Davis MM. When coverage expands: children's health insurance program as a natural experiment in use of health care services. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Oct; 20(10): 1026-32. PMID: 24127706, DOI: 10.1111/acem.12236, ISSN: 1553-2712.
Sun GH, Auger KA, Aliu O, Patrick SW, DeMonner S, Davis MM. Posttonsillectomy hemorrhage in children with von Willebrand disease or hemophilia. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Mar; 139(3): 245-9. PMID: 23657425, PII: 1671205, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2013.1821, ISSN: 2168-619X.
Patrick SW, Davis MM, Sedman AB, Meddings JA, Hieber S, Lee GM, Stillwell TL, Chenoweth CE, Espinosa C, Schumacher RE. Accuracy of hospital administrative data in reporting central line-associated bloodstream infections in newborns. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar; 131 Suppl 1: S75-80. PMID: 23457153, PII: peds.2012-1427i, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1427i, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Davis MM. Methods of mortality risk adjustment in the NICU: a 20-year review. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar; 131 Suppl 1: S68-74. PMID: 23457152, PII: peds.2012-1427h, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1427h, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Davis MM. Reformulating the federal match as a key to the sustainability of Medicaid. JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Mar 3/1/2013; 167(3): 218-20. PMID: 23318607, PII: 1556965, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.1075, ISSN: 2168-6211.
Patrick SW, Choi H, Davis MM. Increase in federal match associated with significant gains in coverage for children through Medicaid and CHIP. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012 Aug; 31(8): 1796-802. PMID: 22869658, PII: 31/8/1796, DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0988, ISSN: 1544-5208.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Benneyworth BD, Krans EE, McAllister JM, Davis MM. Neonatal abstinence syndrome and associated health care expenditures: United States, 2000-2009. JAMA [print-electronic]. 2012 May 5/9/2012; 307(18): 1934-40. PMID: 22546608, PII: jama.2012.3951, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.3951, ISSN: 1538-3598.
Patrick SW, Freed GL. Intergenerational enrollment and expenditure changes in Medicaid: trends from 1991 to 2005. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012; 12: 327. PMID: 22992389, PMCID: PMC3489572, PII: 1472-6963-12-327, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-327, ISSN: 1472-6963.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Davis MM. Variation in lumbar punctures for early onset neonatal sepsis: a nationally representative serial cross-sectional analysis, 2003-2009. BMC Pediatr. 2012; 12: 134. PMID: 22928623, PMCID: PMC3469339, PII: 1471-2431-12-134, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-134, ISSN: 1471-2431.
Villapiano NL, Winkelman TN, Kozhimannil KB, Davis MM, Patrick SW. Rural and Urban Differences in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Maternal Opioid Use, 2004 to 2013. JAMA Pediatr. 2017 Feb 2/1/2017; 171(2): 194-6. PMID: 27942711, PII: 2592302, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2016.3750, ISSN: 2168-6211.
Patrick SW, Fry CE, Jones TF, Buntin MB. Implementation Of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Associated With Reductions In Opioid-Related Death Rates. Health Aff (Millwood) [print-electronic]. 2016 Jul 7/1/2016; 35(7): 1324-32. PMID: 27335101, PMCID: PMC5155336, PII: hlthaff.2015.1496, DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1496, ISSN: 1544-5208.
Krans EE, Patrick SW. Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: Health Policy and Practice in the Midst of an Epidemic. Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Jul; 128(1): 4-10. PMID: 27275812, PMCID: PMC4917415, DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001446, ISSN: 1873-233X.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Horbar JD, Buus-Frank ME, Edwards EM, Morrow KA, Ferrelli KR, Picarillo AP, Gupta M, Soll RF. Improving Care for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2016 May; 137(5): PMID: 27244809, PMCID: PMC4845877, PII: peds.2015-3835, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-3835, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Warner KE, Pordes E, Davis MM. Cigarette Tax Increase and Infant Mortality. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2016 Jan; 137(1): PMID: 26628730, PMCID: PMC4702024, PII: peds.2015-2901, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2901, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW. The Triple Aim for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome [editorial]. J. Pediatr [print-electronic]. 2015 Dec; 167(6): 1189-91. PMID: 26454574, PMCID: PMC5161030, PII: S0022-3476(15)01060-4, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.047, ISSN: 1097-6833.
Patrick SW, Burke JF, Biel TJ, Auger KA, Goyal NK, Cooper WO. Risk of Hospital Readmission Among Infants With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome. Hosp Pediatr. 2015 Oct; 5(10): 513-9. PMID: 26427919, PMCID: PMC5110214, PII: 5/10/513, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2015-0024, ISSN: 2154-1663.
Patrick SW, Cooper WO. Promise and peril: Dissemination of findings from studies of drugs used in pregnancy and their association with birth defects. Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol [print-electronic]. 2015 Aug; 103(8): 729-32. PMID: 26153150, PMCID: PMC4537659, DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23409, ISSN: 1542-0760.
Patrick SW, Davis MM, Lehmann CU, Cooper WO. Increasing incidence and geographic distribution of neonatal abstinence syndrome: United States 2009 to 2012. J Perinatol [print-electronic]. 2015 Aug; 35(8): 650-5. PMID: 25927272, PMCID: PMC4520760, PII: jp201536, DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.36, ISSN: 1476-5543.
Tolia VN, Patrick SW, Bennett MM, Murthy K, Sousa J, Smith PB, Clark RH, Spitzer AR. Increasing incidence of the neonatal abstinence syndrome in U.S. neonatal ICUs. N. Engl. J. Med [print-electronic]. 2015 May 5/28/2015; 372(22): 2118-26. PMID: 25913111, DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsa1500439, ISSN: 1533-4406.
Patrick SW, Dudley J, Martin PR, Harrell FE, Warren MD, Hartmann KE, Ely EW, Grijalva CG, Cooper WO. Prescription opioid epidemic and infant outcomes. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2015 May; 135(5): 842-50. PMID: 25869370, PMCID: PMC4411781, PII: peds.2014-3299, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-3299, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Kaplan HC, Passarella M, Davis MM, Lorch SA. Variation in treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome in US children's hospitals, 2004-2011. J Perinatol [print-electronic]. 2014 Nov; 34(11): 867-72. PMID: 24921412, PII: jp2014114, DOI: 10.1038/jp.2014.114, ISSN: 1476-5543.
Patrick SW, Kawai AT, Kleinman K, Jin R, Vaz L, Gay C, Kassler W, Goldmann D, Lee GM. Health care-associated infections among critically ill children in the US, 2007-2012. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2014 Oct; 134(4): 705-12. PMID: 25201802, PII: peds.2014-0613, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-0613, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Sun GH, Auger KA, Aliu O, Patrick SW, DeMonner S, Davis MM. Variation in inpatient tonsillectomy costs within and between US hospitals attributable to postoperative complications. Med Care. 2013 Dec; 51(12): 1048-54. PMID: 23969585, DOI: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182a50325, ISSN: 1537-1948.
Auger KA, Patrick SW, Davis MM. Infant hospitalizations for pertussis before and after Tdap recommendations for adolescents. Pediatrics [print-electronic]. 2013 Nov; 132(5): e1149-55. PMID: 24144713, PII: peds.2013-1747, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-1747, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Harris JM, Gay JC, Neff JM, Patrick SW, Sedman A. Comparison of Administrative Data Versus Infection Control Data in Identifying Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Children's Hospitals. Hosp Pediatr. 2013 Oct; 3(4): 307-13. PMID: 24435186, PII: 3/4/307, DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2013-0048, ISSN: 2154-1663.
Haggins A, Patrick S, Demonner S, Davis MM. When coverage expands: children's health insurance program as a natural experiment in use of health care services. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Oct; 20(10): 1026-32. PMID: 24127706, DOI: 10.1111/acem.12236, ISSN: 1553-2712.
Sun GH, Auger KA, Aliu O, Patrick SW, DeMonner S, Davis MM. Posttonsillectomy hemorrhage in children with von Willebrand disease or hemophilia. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2013 Mar; 139(3): 245-9. PMID: 23657425, PII: 1671205, DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2013.1821, ISSN: 2168-619X.
Patrick SW, Davis MM, Sedman AB, Meddings JA, Hieber S, Lee GM, Stillwell TL, Chenoweth CE, Espinosa C, Schumacher RE. Accuracy of hospital administrative data in reporting central line-associated bloodstream infections in newborns. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar; 131 Suppl 1: S75-80. PMID: 23457153, PII: peds.2012-1427i, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1427i, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Davis MM. Methods of mortality risk adjustment in the NICU: a 20-year review. Pediatrics. 2013 Mar; 131 Suppl 1: S68-74. PMID: 23457152, PII: peds.2012-1427h, DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1427h, ISSN: 1098-4275.
Patrick SW, Davis MM. Reformulating the federal match as a key to the sustainability of Medicaid. JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Mar 3/1/2013; 167(3): 218-20. PMID: 23318607, PII: 1556965, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.1075, ISSN: 2168-6211.
Patrick SW, Choi H, Davis MM. Increase in federal match associated with significant gains in coverage for children through Medicaid and CHIP. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012 Aug; 31(8): 1796-802. PMID: 22869658, PII: 31/8/1796, DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0988, ISSN: 1544-5208.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Benneyworth BD, Krans EE, McAllister JM, Davis MM. Neonatal abstinence syndrome and associated health care expenditures: United States, 2000-2009. JAMA [print-electronic]. 2012 May 5/9/2012; 307(18): 1934-40. PMID: 22546608, PII: jama.2012.3951, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.3951, ISSN: 1538-3598.
Patrick SW, Freed GL. Intergenerational enrollment and expenditure changes in Medicaid: trends from 1991 to 2005. BMC Health Serv Res. 2012; 12: 327. PMID: 22992389, PMCID: PMC3489572, PII: 1472-6963-12-327, DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-12-327, ISSN: 1472-6963.
Patrick SW, Schumacher RE, Davis MM. Variation in lumbar punctures for early onset neonatal sepsis: a nationally representative serial cross-sectional analysis, 2003-2009. BMC Pediatr. 2012; 12: 134. PMID: 22928623, PMCID: PMC3469339, PII: 1471-2431-12-134, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-134, ISSN: 1471-2431.